10 Communicable Disease Causative Agent Its Symptoms Prevention and Treatment.
Topics include in this page:
1. Influenza
2. Tuberculosis
3. Ebola
4. HIV/AIDS
5. Chickenpox
6. Measles
7. Malaria
8. Covid-19
9. Dengue
10. Chickungunya
Communicable diseases.
Communicable or infections diseases are these diseases which spread from an infected person to a healthy person by the entry of micro - organism.
Eg : Tuberculosis Influenza Malaria
Non Communicable deseases
Non communicable or no infections are those diseases which are not caused by any germ and cannot - sprend from an infected person to healthy person.
Example: Goitra , Cancer Asthma
1. Influenza
Causative Agent : Influenza Virus
Symptoms: Fever, Cough, Sore throat, Body aches and Fatigue.
Prevention/Treatment: Annual Flu Vaccine, Practicing of good hygine, Rest and isolation of the
patient.
Note
: It's important to seek medical attention if
you experience severe symptoms or have underlying health conditions that could
put you at greater risk for complications.
2.Measles
Causative Agent : Measles Virus
Symptoms: high fever, cough, runny nose, red, watery eyes, and a characteristic rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body.
Prevention/Treatment: Vaccination with the MMR vaccine, which also protects against mumps and rubella.
Note: It's important to seek medical attention if you suspect you or your child may have measles.
3. Malaria
Causative Agent :
Symptoms :Fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can cause organ failure, seizures, and coma
Prevention/Treatment :
4. Dengue
Causative Agent : Dengue Virus (spread through the bite of the Aedes mosquito)
Symptoms: High fever, Severe Headache, Joint and muscle pain and skin rashes. In severe cases, it can cause internal bleeding, shock, and even death also even untreated.
Prevention/Treatment : Prevent breeding of mosquitoes, Do not allow water to stagnate in or around homes. Use of mosquito repellants in the house, wearing clothes that fully cover the body. There is no specific treatment for dengue so management typically involves rest, fluids, and over-the -counter pain relievers to help manage symptoms.
Note: It's important to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have dengue, especially if you have recently traveled to an area where dengue is common.5. Chikungunya
Causative Agent : Chikungunya Virus( spread by the bite of the Aedes mosquito)
Symptoms: Fever, Joint pain, Headache, Muscle pain, and a rash.In some cases, joint pain can be severe and last for several months
Prevention/Treatment : Prevent breeding of mosquitoes, Do not allow water to stagnate in or around homes. Use of mosquito repellants in the house, sleeping under mosquito net, wearing clothes that fully cover the body. There is no specific treatment for Chikungunya so management typically involves rest, fluids, and over-the -counter pain relievers to help manage symptoms.
Note: It's important to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have chikungunya, especially if you have recently traveled to an area where chikungunya is common.
6. AIDS ( Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome)Causative Agent : Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Symptoms: Loss of weight, Body's normal defense against infection breaks down.
Prevention/Treatment : Avoid sexual contact with infected person, always use disposable syringes.
7. Chickenpox
Causative Agent : Varicella-zoster virus
Symptoms :Fever, Fatigue and a rash that start on the face, chest and back and spreads to the rest of the body. The rash turns into small,, fluid-gilled blistes that eventually crust over and scab.
Prevention/Treatment : Vaccination with the Varicella vaccine, which is typically given to children in two doses, and avoiding close contact with individuals who have chickenpox or shingles.
8. Covid-19
Causative Agent : SARS-CoV-2 virus
Symptoms : Fever, Cough, Shortness of breath, Fatigue, Muscle or Body aches, loss of taste or smell, sore throat, and congestion or runny nose.
Prevention/Treatment : Wearing masks, practicing social distancing, avoiding large gatherings, Frequently washing hands, and getting vaccinated, Rest and isolation of the patient.
9. Salmonella
Causative Agent : a group of salmonella bacteria called Salmonella infections are contaminated food, such as eggs, poultry, and meat, as well as contaminated water.
Symptoms :Diarrhea, Fever and abdominal cramps, which usually develop within 6 to 72 hours after exposure to the bacteria.
Prevention/Treatment : practicing good food safety habits, such as washing hands and utensils, cooking food thoroughly, and avoiding cross-contamination. It's important to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have a Salmonella infection, especially if you have severe symptoms or are at high risk of complications.
10. Ebola
Causative Agent : Ebola Virus
Symptoms : Symptoms of Ebola typically appear 2 to 21 days after exposure and may include fever, headache, muscle pain, weakness, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and unexplained bleeding or bruising.
Prevention/Treatment : Prevention includes avoiding contact with infected animals, practicing good hygiene, and wearing protective clothing in healthcare settings. If you suspect you may have been exposed to Ebola, it's important to seek medical attention immediately.
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